It is the art of measuring horizontal and vertical distances between objects, of measuring angles between lines, of determining the direction of lines, and of establishing points by predetermined angular and linear measurements. Mine surface and underground surveying software solutions. The maptek 8200 laser scanner handles measuring voids, drives, and tunnels with ease. The first of its kind, ugps rapid mapper tm is a decentralized sensor system that provides 3d point cloud acquisition capabilities on a mobile platform, delivering robust data sets that are accurate. Weve partnered with precision mining systems, autodesk and leica geosystems to create the absolute best solution for underground mining. This website is intended to provide information about most of these activities, however not all of them have been included. Nss has been automating mine surveying for decades. Mine surveyors are responsible for maintaining accurate plans of mines as a whole and will update maps of the surface layout to account for new buildings and other structures, as well as surveying the underground mine workings in order to. Theory and examination problems for students, volume 1, third edition discusses topics concerning engineering surveying techniques and instrumentations. A short film introducing underground mine surveying produced by the australian institute of mine surveyors aims see our website at au. Tunnel surveying methods and procedure of tunnel surveying. Tunnel surveying is a type of underground surveying for the construction of tunnels. Department of mines and petroleum, 2011, mines survey code of practice 2nd edition. Underground artificial lake in cacica salt mine one of the oldest exploitations of salt the salt cathedral of zipaquira is an underground roman catholic church built within the tunnels of a salt mine old iron ore mine, chrustenice shaft, lodenice.
Types of surveying on the basis of whether the curvature of the earth is taken into account or not, surveying can be divided into two main categories. Whenever hard copy plans are submitted to the secretary they shall be backedup in pdf. This first american text on mine surveying in twentyfive years is based on an extensive correspondence with mine engineers in the united states, canada, and mexico, as well as on the authors personal experience in the. If the mine plan is transformed to mga94, all information on the existing mine plan must be transferred to the new plan. Designed to provide quality 3d data while minimizing collection times, the ugps rapid mapper tm is the highquality underground tunnel mapping tool that youve been waiting for. Underground mine surveyors need most of the same stuff, but that is only the beginning. Students will have gained experience in underground surveying.
Every surveyor underground wears a miners hardhat and a wide leather belt that holds a selfrescuer to supply oxygen in case of emergency, plus a heavy battery connected by a cable to an electric lamp on the hardhat. Application of the new mine surveying methods for purposes of the longest crosscutting in the czech republic. Special instructions on the type of survey and the equipment that must be used in the tunnel surveying procedure, for the tunnel construction are initially given by the planners. Methods and procedure of tunnel surveying is discussed. Specialised instrumentation including sources of error, calibration and expected precision. A manual of underground surveying civil engineering. Full text of a study of mine surveying methods and their. Mine surveyingis a branch of mining science and technology. The ip65 rating ensures the scanner operates reliably in all conditions. The maptek 8200 laser scanner handles measuring voids, drives, and. With respect to required positioning accuracy of project point as well as. Bahuguna, dheeraj kumar, sunil kumar associate professor, sr.
Chapter 1 discusses the basic concepts of surveying. Many other modern technologies are currently being used to map underground mining areas and then create 3d models, such as mine surveying, photogrammetry, laser scanning, automatic laser scanning. The essential problem in underground surveying is that of orientating the underground surveys to the surface surveys, the procedure involved being. Lecturer, senior technical assistant department of mining engineering, indian school of mines, dhanbad 826004 abstract although surveying techniques have always played a primary role in. The book is comprised of eight chapters that cover several concerns in engineering survey. Underground surveying latest in surveying, mapping. Mine surveying surveying is the art of making such field observations and measurements as are necessary to determine positions, areas, volumes, or movements on the earths surface. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Sep 25, 2015 this chapter describes survey standards and procedures for mine surveys and defines some mining terminology. Mining and quarrying safety and health act 1999 qld and the relevant sections in the associated mining and quarrying safety and health regulation 2001. In tunnelling or mining operations it may be hot, wet, dark, cramped, dusty, dirty and dangerous, and usually most of these.
The object of an underground survey is to obtain the positions. It discusses various techniques for transferring position and orientation underground and solves the problems related to orientation transfer in. Control surveys for underground construction of the. The type of surveying that takes into account the true shape of the earth. The following peculiarities of underground surveys indicate how they differ from surface surveys. A manual of underground surveying internet archive. Mobile mine scanning is simplified through both its intuitive user interface and simple installation procedure, which includes an optional mounting bracket designed for a standard 2 receiver hitch. Mining surveying precision surveying wiley online library. For multiplelevel underground mines, surveying involves the correlation, duplication and linkage of the surface survey and mapping system with each underground level to a high degree of accuracy. There is also a need to keep a survey book in the survey office.
Maptek laser scanning and underground rugged hardware and specialised accessories combine with powerful modelling and analysis software to deliver a safe solution for underground survey applications. The isite 8200 is a new, versatile laser scanning system for underground survey applications. Here in we have gathered some pdf lectures on surveying. It provides a balanced mixture of office and outdoor work and is usually quite enjoyable. Underground surveying embraces the survey operations performed beneath the surface of the earth in connection with tunneling, exploration and construction in subterranean passageways. Render a 3d asmined model to compare and validate planned extraction. These surveys are of high precision and extend over large areas.
The mine plan is defined in this code of practice as the set of plans, cross sections and longitudinal sections showing the entire workings of a mining or quarrying operation. It is quite different from surveying on the surface. Students will be able to able to solve problems involving distance measurement, angle calculations etc. Surveying is a very important part of civil engineering. Students will have gained an understanding of the concepts of mine surveying. Should a mine shaft is the development working, it is necessary to project a surface point to connected horizon. Quickly capture and integrate survey data from survey sensors and hardware. Mine surveying is an inseparable part of all stages of mining operations. It is to be followed by all mine surveyors when surveying and mapping a mine site. Qgn19 is to be followed by all mine surveyors when surveying and mapping a mine site. The type of surveying in which the mean surface of the earth is considered as a plane, or in which its spheroidal shape is. This chapter describes survey standards and procedures for mine surveys and defines some mining terminology. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
Mine surveying surveying is the art of making such field observations and measurements as are necessary to determine positions, areas, volumes, or movements on the earths surface mine surveyingis a branch of mining science and technology. No specific data exists for mining surveying, as this is a niche area within a specific skill set. Our mine surveying solution features a comprehensive survey environment for underground and surface mining. The mine surveyor is therefore one of the key contributors to the welfare of the mining industry. Many other modern technologies are currently being used to map underground mining areas and then create 3d models, such as mine surveying, photogrammetry, laser. Mine surveying and mapping are disciplines that deal with the surveying and displaying of underground works and mining claims, in which their spatial relationships are determined against the surface. We hope students all over the world will find it helpful. Faculty of mining and geology, vsb technical university of ostrava. A study of mine surveying methods and their applications to mining engineering l e. Mining and quarrying safety and health act 1999 qld june. It includes all measurements, calculations and mapping which serve the purpose of ascertaining and. Mining and quarrying safety and health act 1999 qld june 2011.
Maptek scanners for underground mining survey applications. Situated near waxahachie, 40km south of dallas, the device will be the worlds largest accelerator of subatomic. Mine surveying is a challenging yet rewarding profession. It is a basic course for all universities for civil engineers. Click download or read online button to get introduction to mine surveying book now. The introductory part of the paper is dedicated to the history and development of the mine surveying discipline and mapping, and to the profession.
Introduction to mine surveying download ebook pdf, epub. Aug 14, 2017 nss has been automating mine surveying for decades. Introduction the superconducting super collider ssc is being built by the u. Surveying in the mining industry, both in openpit and underground mines, often goes hand in hand with terrestrial laser scanning tls, which is deployed to verify the spatial changes of mining works.
Young republican printing company cedar rapids, iowa a study of mine surveying methods and their applications to mining engineering by l. Miner operated survey system moss setup tutorial youtube. Learn more 2020 leica geosystems ag part of hexagon. Surveying is defined as taking a general view of, by observation and measurement determining the boundaries, size, position, quantity, condition, value etc.
It discusses various techniques for transferring position and orientation underground and solves the problems related to orientation transfer in mining including tunneling surveys. Improvements in mine surveying in underground hydrotechnical. Mine surveyors undertake both underground and surface surveys designed to produce information for the construction of mine plants. The date of transformation of the mine plan to mga94 must be documented in the survey book and precautions taken to ensure that the old plan is archived and not further updated. Mine surveying is a composite science that is closely related to many scientific disciplines. Other plans may be required as set out in section 3. Details referring to surveying in general using the same knowledge base, methods and technologies suggests that the overwhelming majority over 70% work in architectural and engineering services. Hexagon mining solves surface and underground challenges by integrating design, planning and operations technologies for safer, more productive mines. Students will be able to recognize errors in observations. A manual of underground surveying survivor library. In this section we will investigate the duties involved in underground surveying operations ore and coal. Sep 29, 2000 underground mine surveyors need most of the same stuff, but that is only the beginning. The isite 8200 is ideal for surveying inaccessible or dangerous areas underground. Surveyor safety is ensured while incredible scene detail is speedily acquired.
Application of the new mine surveying methods for purposes of. Thanks to its high point density and high accuracy, tls is a very suitable surveying technique for monitoring movements and deformations. Underground surveying is quite different from surveying on the surface. An inspector, coroner or a deputy coroner may require a survey to be undertaken or a location plan to be prepared for the scene of a fatal accident at a mine. Mine surveying and mapping are disciplines that deal with the surveying and displaying of underground works and mining claims, in which. Pdf the history of mine surveying and mining maps researchgate. Application of the new mine surveying methods for purposes. Mine surveying article about mine surveying by the free.